According to this latest study, the 2020 growth of Pull-Up Bars will have significant change from previous year. By the most conservative estimates of global Pull-Up Bars market size (most likely outcome) will be a year-over-year revenue growth rate of XX% in 2020, from US$ xx million in 2019. Over the next five years the Pull-Up Bars market will register a xx% CAGR in terms of revenue, the global market size will reach US$ xx million by 2025.
This report presents a comprehensive overview, market shares, and growth opportunities of Pull-Up Bars market by product type, application, key manufacturers and key regions and countries.
Segmentation by type: breakdown data from 2016 to 2021, in Section 2.3; and forecast to 2026 in section 11.7.
Stainless Steel Pull-Up Bars
Aluminum Pull-Up Bars
Segmentation by application: breakdown data from 2016 to 2021, in Section 2.4; and forecast to 2026 in section 11.8.
Household
Commercial
This report also splits the market by region: Breakdown data in Chapter 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8.
Americas
United States
Canada
Mexico
Brazil
APAC
China
Japan
Korea
Southeast Asia
India
Australia
Europe
Germany
France
UK
Italy
Russia
Middle East & Africa
Egypt
South Africa
Israel
Turkey
GCC Countries
The report also presents the market competition landscape and a corresponding detailed analysis of the major vendor/manufacturers in the market. The key manufacturers covered in this report: Breakdown data in Chapter 3.
Ultimate Body Press
Wacces
Titan Fitness
ProSource
J/fit
CAP Barbell
Fitleader
The base year for the study has been considered 2019, historic year 2014 and 2018, the forecast period considered is from 2020 to 2027. The regions analyzed for the market include North America, Europe, South America, Asia Pacific, and Middle East and Africa. These regions are further analyzed at the country-level. The study also includes attractiveness analysis of type, application and regions which are benchmarked based on their market size, growth rate and attractiveness in terms of present and future opportunity for understanding the future growth of the market.
Market is segmented on the basis:
The report offers in-depth analysis of driving factors, opportunities, restraints, and challenges for gaining the key insight of the market. The report emphasizes on all the key trends that play a vital role in the enlargement of the market from 2019 to 2026.
The report provides company profile of the key players operating in the market and a comparative analysis based on their business overviews industry offering, segment market share, regional presence, business strategies, innovations, mergers & acquisitions, recent developments, joint venture, collaborations, partnerships, SWOT analysis, and key financial information.
1 Scope of the Report
1.1 Market Introduction
1.2 Years Considered
1.3 Research Objectives
1.4 Market Research Methodology
1.5 Research Process and Data Source
1.6 Economic Indicators
1.7 Currency Considered
2 Executive Summary
2.1 World Market Overview
2.1.1 Global Pull-Up Bars Consumption 2016-2026
2.1.2 Pull-Up Bars Consumption CAGR by Region
2.2 Pull-Up Bars Segment by Type
2.2.1 Stainless Steel Pull-Up Bars
2.2.2 Aluminum Pull-Up Bars
2.3 Pull-Up Bars Sales by Type
2.3.1 Global Pull-Up Bars Sales Market Share by Type (2016-2021)
2.3.2 Global Pull-Up Bars Revenue and Market Share by Type (2016-2021)
2.3.3 Global Pull-Up Bars Sale Price by Type (2016-2021)
2.4 Pull-Up Bars Segment by Application
2.4.1 Household
2.4.2 Commercial
2.5 Pull-Up Bars Sales by Application
2.5.1 Global Pull-Up Bars Sale Market Share by Application (2016-2021)
2.5.2 Global Pull-Up Bars Revenue and Market Share by Application (2016-2021)
2.5.3 Global Pull-Up Bars Sale Price by Application (2016-2021)
3 Global Pull-Up Bars by Company
3.1 Global Pull-Up Bars Sales Market Share by Company
3.1.1 Global Pull-Up Bars Sales by Company (2019-2021)
3.1.2 Global Pull-Up Bars Sales Market Share by Company (2019-2021)
3.2 Global Pull-Up Bars Revenue Market Share by Company
3.2.1 Global Pull-Up Bars Revenue by Company (2019-2021)
3.2.2 Global Pull-Up Bars Revenue Market Share by Company (2019-2021)
3.3 Global Pull-Up Bars Sale Price by Company
3.4 Global Manufacturers Pull-Up Bars Producing Area Distribution, Sales Area, Product Type
3.4.1 Key Manufacturers Pull-Up Bars Product Location Distribution
3.4.2 Players Pull-Up Bars Products Offered
3.5 Market Concentration Rate Analysis
3.5.1 Competition Landscape Analysis
3.5.2 Concentration Ratio (CR3, CR5 and CR10) & (2019-2021)
3.6 New Products and Potential Entrants
3.7 Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion
4 Pull-Up Bars by Region
4.1 Global Pull-Up Bars by Region
4.1.1 Global Pull-Up Bars Sales by Region
4.1.2 Global Pull-Up Bars Revenue by Region
4.2 Americas Pull-Up Bars Sales Growth
4.3 APAC Pull-Up Bars Sales Growth
4.4 Europe Pull-Up Bars Sales Growth
4.5 Middle East & Africa Pull-Up Bars Sales Growth
5 Americas
5.1 Americas Pull-Up Bars Sales by Country
5.1.1 Americas Pull-Up Bars Sales by Country (2016-2021)
5.1.2 Americas Pull-Up Bars Revenue by Country (2016-2021)
5.2 Americas Pull-Up Bars Sales by Type
5.3 Americas Pull-Up Bars Sales by Application
5.4 United States
5.5 Canada
5.6 Mexico
5.7 Brazil
6 APAC
6.1 APAC Pull-Up Bars Sales by Region
6.1.1 APAC Pull-Up Bars Sales by Region (2016-2021)
6.1.2 APAC Pull-Up Bars Revenue by Region (2016-2021)
6.2 APAC Pull-Up Bars Sales by Type
6.3 APAC Pull-Up Bars Sales by Application
6.4 China
6.5 Japan
6.6 Korea
6.7 Southeast Asia
6.8 India
6.9 Australia
7 Europe
7.1 Europe Pull-Up Bars by Country
7.1.1 Europe Pull-Up Bars Sales by Country (2016-2021)
7.1.2 Europe Pull-Up Bars Revenue by Country (2016-2021)
7.2 Europe Pull-Up Bars Sales by Type
7.3 Europe Pull-Up Bars Sales by Application
7.4 Germany
7.5 France
7.6 UK
7.7 Italy
7.8 Russia
8 Middle East & Africa
8.1 Middle East & Africa Pull-Up Bars by Country
8.1.1 Middle East & Africa Pull-Up Bars Sales by Country (2016-2021)
8.1.2 Middle East & Africa Pull-Up Bars Revenue by Country (2016-2021)
8.2 Middle East & Africa Pull-Up Bars Sales by Type
8.3 Middle East & Africa Pull-Up Bars Sales by Application
8.4 Egypt
8.5 South Africa
8.6 Israel
8.7 Turkey
8.8 GCC Country
9 Market Drivers, Challenges and Trends
9.1 Market Drivers and Impact
9.1.1 Growing Demand from Key Regions
9.1.2 Growing Demand from Key Applications and Potential Industries
9.2 Market Challenges and Impact
9.3 Market Trends
10 Marketing, Distributors and Customer
10.1 Sales Channel
10.1.1 Direct Channels
10.1.2 Indirect Channels
10.2 Pull-Up Bars Distributors
10.3 Pull-Up Bars Customer
11 Global Pull-Up Bars Market Forecast
11.1 Global Pull-Up Bars Forecast by Region
11.1.1 Global Pull-Up Bars Forecast by Regions (2021-2026)
11.2.2 Global Pull-Up Bars Revenue Forecast by Regions (2021-2026)
11.2 Americas Forecast by Countries
11.3 APAC Forecast by Region
11.4 Europe Forecast by Countries
11.5 Middle East & Africa Forecast by Countries
11.6 Global Pull-Up Bars Forecast by Type
11.7 Global Pull-Up Bars Forecast by Application
12 Key Players Analysis
12.1 Ultimate Body Press
12.1.1 Ultimate Body Press Ultimate Body Press Company Information
12.1.2 Ultimate Body Press Pull-Up Bars Product Offered
12.1.3 Ultimate Body Press Pull-Up Bars Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2019-2021)
12.1.4 Ultimate Body Press Main Business Overview
12.1.5 Ultimate Body Press Latest Developments
12.2 Wacces
12.2.1 Wacces Company Information
12.2.2 Wacces Pull-Up Bars Product Offered
12.2.3 Wacces Pull-Up Bars Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2019-2021)
12.2.4 Wacces Main Business Overview
12.2.5 Wacces Latest Developments
12.3 Titan Fitness
12.3.1 Titan Fitness Company Information
12.3.2 Titan Fitness Pull-Up Bars Product Offered
12.3.3 Titan Fitness Pull-Up Bars Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2019-2021)
12.3.4 Titan Fitness Main Business Overview
12.3.5 Titan Fitness Latest Developments
12.4 ProSource
12.4.1 ProSource Company Information
12.4.2 ProSource Pull-Up Bars Product Offered
12.4.3 ProSource Pull-Up Bars Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2019-2021)
12.4.4 ProSource Main Business Overview
12.4.5 ProSource Latest Developments
12.5 J/fit
12.5.1 J/fit Company Information
12.5.2 J/fit Pull-Up Bars Product Offered
12.5.3 J/fit Pull-Up Bars Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2019-2021)
12.5.4 J/fit Main Business Overview
12.5.5 J/fit Latest Developments
12.6 CAP Barbell
12.6.1 CAP Barbell Company Information
12.6.2 CAP Barbell Pull-Up Bars Product Offered
12.6.3 CAP Barbell Pull-Up Bars Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2019-2021)
12.6.4 CAP Barbell Main Business Overview
12.6.5 CAP Barbell Latest Developments
12.7 Fitleader
12.7.1 Fitleader Company Information
12.7.2 Fitleader Pull-Up Bars Product Offered
12.7.3 Fitleader Pull-Up Bars Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2019-2021)
12.7.4 Fitleader Main Business Overview
12.7.5 Fitleader Latest Developments
...
13 Research Findings and Conclusion
List of Tables
Table 1. Pull-Up Bars Consumption CAGR by Region (2020-2026) & ($ Millions)
Table 2. Major Players of Stainless Steel Pull-Up Bars
Table 3. Major Players of Aluminum Pull-Up Bars
Table 4. Global Pull-Up Bars Sales by Type (2016-2021) & (K Units)
Table 5. Global Pull-Up Bars Sales Market Share by Type (2016-2021)
Table 6. Global Pull-Up Bars Revenue by Type (2016-2021) & ($ million)
Table 7. Global Pull-Up Bars Revenue Market Share by Type (2016-2021)
Table 8. Global Pull-Up Bars Sale Price by Type (2016-2021)
Table 9. Global Pull-Up Bars Sales by Application (2016-2021) & (K Units)
Table 10. Global Pull-Up Bars Sales Market Share by Application (2016-2021)
Table 11. Global Pull-Up Bars Value by Application (2016-2021)
Table 12. Global Pull-Up Bars Revenue Market Share by Application (2016-2021)
Table 13. Global Pull-Up Bars Sale Price by Application (2016-2021)
Table 14. Global Pull-Up Bars Sales by Company (2019-2021) & (K Units)
Table 15. Global Pull-Up Bars Sales Market Share by Company (2019-2021)
Table 16. Global Pull-Up Bars Revenue by Company (2019-2021) ($ Millions)
Table 17. Global Pull-Up Bars Revenue Market Share by Company (2019-2021)
Table 18. Global Pull-Up Bars Sale Price by Company (2019-2021)
Table 19. Key Manufacturers Pull-Up Bars Producing Area Distribution and Sales Area
Table 20. Players Pull-Up Bars Products Offered
Table 21. Pull-Up Bars Concentration Ratio (CR3, CR5 and CR10) & (2019-2021)
Table 22. New Products and Potential Entrants
Table 23. Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion
Table 24. Global Pull-Up Bars Sales by Region (2016-2021) (K Units)
Table 25. Global Pull-Up Bars Sales Market Share by Region (2016-2021)
Table 26. Global Pull-Up Bars Revenue by Region (2016-2021) & ($ Millions)
Table 27. Global Pull-Up Bars Revenue Market Share by Region (2016-2021)
Table 28. Americas Pull-Up Bars Sales by Country (2016-2021) & (K Units)
Table 29. Americas Pull-Up Bars Sales Market Share by Country (2016-2021)
Table 30. Americas Pull-Up Bars Revenue by Country (2016-2021) & ($ Millions)
Table 31. Americas Pull-Up Bars Revenue Market Share by Country (2016-2021)
Table 32. Americas Pull-Up Bars Sales by Type (2016-2021) & (K Units)
Table 33. Americas Pull-Up Bars Sales Market Share by Type (2016-2021)
Table 34. Americas Pull-Up Bars Sales by Application (2016-2021) & (K Units)
Table 35. Americas Pull-Up Bars Sales Market Share by Application (2016-2021)
Table 36. APAC Pull-Up Bars Sales by Region (2016-2021) & (K Units)
Table 37. APAC Pull-Up Bars Sales Market Share by Region (2016-2021)
Table 38. APAC Pull-Up Bars Revenue by Region (2016-2021) & ($ Millions)
Table 39. APAC Pull-Up Bars Revenue Market Share by Region (2016-2021)
Table 40. APAC Pull-Up Bars Sales by Type (2016-2021) & (K Units)
Table 41. APAC Pull-Up Bars Sales Market Share by Type (2016-2021)
Table 42. APAC Pull-Up Bars Sales by Application (2016-2021) & (K Units)
Table 43. APAC Pull-Up Bars Sales Market Share by Application (2016-2021)
Table 44. Europe Pull-Up Bars Sales by Country (2016-2021) & (K Units)
Table 45. Europe Pull-Up Bars Sales Market Share by Country (2016-2021)
Table 46. Europe Pull-Up Bars Revenue by Country (2016-2021) & ($ Millions)
Table 47. Europe Pull-Up Bars Revenue Market Share by Country (2016-2021)
Table 48. Europe Pull-Up Bars Sales by Type (2016-2021) & (K Units)
Table 49. Europe Pull-Up Bars Sales Market Share by Type (2016-2021)
Table 50. Europe Pull-Up Bars Sales by Application (2016-2021) & (K Units)
Table 51. Europe Pull-Up Bars Sales Market Share by Application (2016-2021)
Table 52. Middle East & Africa Pull-Up Bars Sales by Country (2016-2021) & (K Units)
Table 53. Middle East & Africa Pull-Up Bars Sales Market Share by Country (2016-2021)
Table 54. Middle East & Africa Pull-Up Bars Revenue by Country (2016-2021) & ($ Millions)
Table 55. Middle East & Africa Pull-Up Bars Revenue Market Share by Country (2016-2021)
Table 56. Middle East & Africa Pull-Up Bars Sales by Type (2016-2021) & (K Units)
Table 57. Middle East & Africa Pull-Up Bars Sales Market Share by Type (2016-2021)
Table 58. Middle East & Africa Pull-Up Bars Sales by Application (2016-2021) & (K Units)
Table 59. Middle East & Africa Pull-Up Bars Sales Market Share by Application (2016-2021)
Table 60. Global Pull-Up Bars Sales Forecast by Type (2021-2026) & (K Units)
Table 61. Global Pull-Up Bars Sales Market Share Forecast by Type (2021-2026)
Table 62. Global Pull-Up Bars Revenue Forecast by Type (2021-2026) & ($ Millions)
Table 63. Global Pull-Up Bars Revenue Market Share Forecast by Type (2021-2026)
Table 64. Global Pull-Up Bars Sales Forecast by Application (2021-2026) & (K Units)
Table 65. Global Pull-Up Bars Sales Market Share Forecast by Application (2021-2026)
Table 66. Global Pull-Up Bars Revenue Forecast by Application (2021-2026) & ($ Millions)
Table 67. Global Pull-Up Bars Revenue Market Share Forecast by Application (2021-2026)
Table 68. Ultimate Body Press Basic Information, Pull-Up Bars Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Its Competitors
Table 69. Ultimate Body Press Pull-Up Bars Product Offered
Table 70. Ultimate Body Press Pull-Up Bars Sales (K Units), Revenue ($ Million), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2019-2021E)
Table 71. Ultimate Body Press Main Business
Table 72. Ultimate Body Press Latest Developments
Table 73. Wacces Basic Information, Pull-Up Bars Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Its Competitors
Table 74. Wacces Pull-Up Bars Product Offered
Table 75. Wacces Pull-Up Bars Sales (K Units), Revenue ($ Million), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2019-2021E)
Table 76. Wacces Main Business
Table 77. Wacces Latest Developments
Table 78. Titan Fitness Basic Information, Pull-Up Bars Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Its Competitors
Table 79. Titan Fitness Pull-Up Bars Product Offered
Table 80. Titan Fitness Pull-Up Bars Sales (K Units), Revenue ($ Million), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2019-2021E)
Table 81. Titan Fitness Main Business
Table 82. Titan Fitness Latest Developments
Table 83. ProSource Basic Information, Pull-Up Bars Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Its Competitors
Table 84. ProSource Pull-Up Bars Product Offered
Table 85. ProSource Pull-Up Bars Sales (K Units), Revenue ($ Million), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2019-2021E)
Table 86. ProSource Main Business
Table 87. ProSource Latest Developments
Table 88. J/fit Basic Information, Pull-Up Bars Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Its Competitors
Table 89. J/fit Pull-Up Bars Product Offered
Table 90. J/fit Pull-Up Bars Sales (K Units), Revenue ($ Million), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2019-2021E)
Table 91. J/fit Main Business
Table 92. J/fit Latest Developments
Table 93. CAP Barbell Basic Information, Pull-Up Bars Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Its Competitors
Table 94. CAP Barbell Pull-Up Bars Product Offered
Table 95. CAP Barbell Pull-Up Bars Sales (K Units), Revenue ($ Million), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2019-2021E)
Table 96. CAP Barbell Main Business
Table 97. CAP Barbell Latest Developments
Table 98. Fitleader Basic Information, Pull-Up Bars Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Its Competitors
Table 99. Fitleader Pull-Up Bars Product Offered
Table 100. Fitleader Pull-Up Bars Sales (K Units), Revenue ($ Million), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2019-2021E)
Table 101. Fitleader Main Business
Table 102. Fitleader Latest Developments
List of Figures
Figure 1. Picture of Pull-Up Bars
Figure 2. Pull-Up Bars Report Years Considered
Figure 3. Research Objectives
Figure 4. Research Methodology
Figure 5. Research Process and Data Source
Figure 6. Global Pull-Up Bars Sales Growth Rate 2016-2026 (K Units)
Figure 7. Global Pull-Up Bars Revenue Growth Rate 2016-2026 ($ Millions)
Figure 8. Pull-Up Bars Sales by Region (2021 & 2026) & ($ millions)
Figure 9. Product Picture of Stainless Steel Pull-Up Bars
Figure 10. Product Picture of Aluminum Pull-Up Bars
Figure 11. Global Pull-Up Bars Sales Market Share by Type in 2020
Figure 12. Global Pull-Up Bars Revenue Market Share by Type (2016-2021)
Figure 13. Pull-Up Bars Consumed in Household
Figure 14. Global Pull-Up Bars Market: Household (2016-2021) & (K Units)
Figure 15. Pull-Up Bars Consumed in Commercial
Figure 16. Global Pull-Up Bars Market: Commercial (2016-2021) & (K Units)
Figure 17. Global Pull-Up Bars Sales Market Share by Application (2016-2021)
Figure 18. Global Pull-Up Bars Revenue Market Share by Application in 2020
Figure 19. Global Pull-Up Bars Revenue Market by Company in 2020 ($ Million)
Figure 20. Global Pull-Up Bars Revenue Market Share by Company in 2020
Figure 21. Global Pull-Up Bars Sales Market Share by Regions (2016-2021)
Figure 22. Global Pull-Up Bars Revenue Market Share by Region in 2020
Figure 23. Americas Pull-Up Bars Sales 2016-2021 (K Units)
Figure 24. Americas Pull-Up Bars Revenue 2016-2021 ($ Millions)
Figure 25. APAC Pull-Up Bars Sales 2016-2021 (K Units)
Figure 26. APAC Pull-Up Bars Revenue 2016-2021 ($ Millions)
Figure 27. Europe Pull-Up Bars Sales 2016-2021 (K Units)
Figure 28. Europe Pull-Up Bars Revenue 2016-2021 ($ Millions)
Figure 29. Middle East & Africa Pull-Up Bars Sales 2016-2021 (K Units)
Figure 30. Middle East & Africa Pull-Up Bars Revenue 2016-2021 ($ Millions)
Figure 31. Americas Pull-Up Bars Sales Market Share by Country in 2020
Figure 32. Americas Pull-Up Bars Revenue Market Share by Country in 2020
Figure 33. Americas Pull-Up Bars Sales Market Share by Type in 2020
Figure 34. Americas Pull-Up Bars Sales Market Share by Application in 2020
Figure 35. United States Pull-Up Bars Revenue Growth 2016-2021 ($ Millions)
Figure 36. Canada Pull-Up Bars Revenue Growth 2016-2021 ($ Millions)
Figure 37. Mexico Pull-Up Bars Revenue Growth 2016-2021 ($ Millions)
Figure 38. Brazil Pull-Up Bars Revenue Growth 2016-2021 ($ Millions)
Figure 39. APAC Pull-Up Bars Sales Market Share by Region in 2020
Figure 40. APAC Pull-Up Bars Revenue Market Share by Regions in 2020
Figure 41. APAC Pull-Up Bars Sales Market Share by Type in 2020
Figure 42. APAC Pull-Up Bars Sales Market Share by Application in 2020
Figure 43. China Pull-Up Bars Revenue Growth 2016-2021 ($ Millions)
Figure 44. Japan Pull-Up Bars Revenue Growth 2016-2021 ($ Millions)
Figure 45. Korea Pull-Up Bars Revenue Growth 2016-2021 ($ Millions)
Figure 46. Southeast Asia Pull-Up Bars Revenue Growth 2016-2021 ($ Millions)
Figure 47. India Pull-Up Bars Revenue Growth 2016-2021 ($ Millions)
Figure 48. Australia Pull-Up Bars Revenue Growth 2016-2021 ($ Millions)
Figure 49. Europe Pull-Up Bars Sales Market Share by Country in 2020
Figure 50. Europe Pull-Up Bars Revenue Market Share by Country in 2020
Figure 51. Europe Pull-Up Bars Sales Market Share by Type in 2020
Figure 52. Europe Pull-Up Bars Sales Market Share by Application in 2020
Figure 53. Germany Pull-Up Bars Revenue Growth 2016-2021 ($ Millions)
Figure 54. France Pull-Up Bars Revenue Growth 2016-2021 ($ Millions)
Figure 55. UK Pull-Up Bars Revenue Growth 2016-2021 ($ Millions)
Figure 56. Italy Pull-Up Bars Revenue Growth 2016-2021 ($ Millions)
Figure 57. Russia Pull-Up Bars Revenue Growth 2016-2021 ($ Millions)
Figure 58. Middle East & Africa Pull-Up Bars Sales Market Share by Country in 2020
Figure 59. Middle East & Africa Pull-Up Bars Revenue Market Share by Country in 2020
Figure 60. Middle East & Africa Pull-Up Bars Sales Market Share by Type in 2020
Figure 61. Middle East & Africa Pull-Up Bars Sales Market Share by Application in 2020
Figure 62. Egypt Pull-Up Bars Revenue Growth 2016-2021 ($ Millions)
Figure 63. South Africa Pull-Up Bars Revenue Growth 2016-2021 ($ Millions)
Figure 64. Israel Pull-Up Bars Revenue Growth 2016-2021 ($ Millions)
Figure 65. Turkey Pull-Up Bars Revenue Growth 2016-2021 ($ Millions)
Figure 66. GCC Country Pull-Up Bars Revenue Growth 2016-2021 ($ Millions)
Figure 67. Channels of Distribution
Figure 68. Distributors Profiles